{"id":2276,"date":"2025-01-03T22:12:06","date_gmt":"2025-01-03T19:12:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dendrologai.lt\/?p=2276"},"modified":"2025-02-02T17:14:39","modified_gmt":"2025-02-02T14:14:39","slug":"ankstyvasis-baltvas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dendrologai.lt\/?p=2276","title":{"rendered":"Ankstyvasis baltvas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Forzitijas Lietuvoje neblogai \u017einome. Ankstyv\u0105j\u012f baltv\u0105 <\/strong>(Abeliophyllum distichum<\/em>) \u2013 nelabai, nors ne botanikas, pamat\u0119s j\u012f \u017eydint\u012f, neretai pasako \u2013 balta\u017eied\u0117 forzitija. Kr\u016bmas i\u0161 tikr\u0173j\u0173 pana\u0161us \u012f forzitij\u0105. Priklauso tai pa\u010diai alyvmedini\u0173 (Oleaceae<\/em>) \u0161eimai. Tik savo gentyje tai vienintel\u0117 (monotipin\u0117) r\u016b\u0161is. \u0160akos keturbriaun\u0117s, lapai prie\u0161iniai, lanceti\u0161ki ar kiau\u0161ini\u0161ki, 6 \u2013 10 cm ilgio ir 3 \u2013 4,5 cm plo\u010dio, pana\u0161\u016bs \u012f abelij\u0173 lapus, abipus plaukuoti ar p\u016bkuoti. D\u0117l lap\u0173 pana\u0161umo japon\u0173 botanikas Nakai 1919 metais augalams ir suteik\u0117 tok\u012f tarptautin\u012f pavadinim\u0105 (abelia \u2013 kr\u016bm\u0173 gentis, phyllon \u2013 lapas). \u017diedai forma pana\u0161\u016bs \u012f forzitij\u0173, balti ar kartais \u0161viesiai ro\u017einiai su 4 apie 1 cm ilgio \u017eiedlapiais. \u017dydi labai anksti pavasar\u012f, prie\u0161 lapams skleid\u017eiantis. Kvepia. S\u0117klos apvalios, sparnuotos, 2 \u2013 3 cm skersmens, pavien\u0117s, pana\u0161ios \u012f fontanezij\u0173 vaisius (i\u0161 m\u016bs\u0173 augal\u0173 ka\u017ek\u0105 pana\u0161aus u\u017emezga guobiniai). Lenkijoje jos sunoksta rugs\u0117jo prad\u017eioje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u017dydi baland\u017eio prad\u017eioje Lietuvoje<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tai augalas, \u012fra\u0161ytas \u012f pasaulyje nykstan\u010di\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 s\u0105ra\u0161\u0105. Prie\u0161 20 \u2013 30 met\u0173 manyta, kad laukin\u0117je gamtoje j\u0173 i\u0161lik\u0119 ne daugiau 50 egzempliori\u0173. Dabar \u017einomos 7 radimviet\u0117s Kor\u0117jos pusiasalio centrin\u0117je dalyje 6 \u2013 7 klimato zonose. Jose auga po 40 \u2013 200 kr\u016bm\u0173. Nepatvirtinta, bet, ko gero, egzistuoja viena radimviet\u0117 \u0160iaur\u0117s Kor\u0117joje. Nat\u016braliose augimviet\u0117se jas tiesiog siaubia vietiniai \u201eaugal\u0173 myl\u0117tojai\u201c. Lau\u017eo \u017eydin\u010dias \u0161akas, i\u0161kasa savaiminukus. O kiek tinkamesn\u0117s \u017eem\u0117s, kur jie anks\u010diau augo, seniai \u201esukult\u016brintos\u201c, paverstos dirbamais laukais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Linco botanikos sode kovo m\u0117nes\u012f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Linco botanikos sode kovo m\u0117nes\u012f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Laimei, d\u0117l \u012fsp\u016bdingo \u017eyd\u0117jimo \u0161ie kr\u016bmai pla\u010diai auginami dekoratyviniuose \u017eeldynuose tiek Azijoje, tiek Europoje ir Amerikoje. T\u0117vyn\u0117je dabar aptinkami sausose uol\u0117tose vietose po vietin\u0117mis pu\u0161imis (Pinus densiflora<\/em>) ir \u0105\u017euolais (Quercus castaneifolia<\/em>, Q. myrtifoli<\/em>a), da\u017eniausiai kiek r\u016bg\u0161\u010diose, re\u010diau neutraliose (pH 6 \u2013 7,5) dirvose. Pas mus jiems tinkamiausi vidutinio sunkumo normalaus dr\u0117gnumo priemoliai ar priesm\u0117liai. Gra\u017eiau \u017eydi saul\u0117toje vietoje, bet kr\u016bmai ve\u0161lesni nedideliame pav\u0117syje. Labai tinka dr\u0117gnas oras. \u0160lapesn\u0117je ir derlingoje dirvoje ne visada sp\u0117ja sumed\u0117ti ir pasiruo\u0161ti \u017eiemai. Atsparumas \u0161al\u010diui atitinka 6 klimato zon\u0105, bet susiformavusius \u017eiedinius pumpurus ar besiskleid\u017eian\u010dius \u017eiedus neretai pakanda \u0161alnos. \u017diem\u0105 ap\u0161al\u0119 kr\u016bmai greitai at\u017eelia. Didesn\u0117s prie\u017ei\u016bros jiems nereikia. Kas keli metai kr\u016bmas praretinamas, i\u0161kertant senus stiebus, i\u0161karpomos ap\u0161alusios \u0161akos, jei toki\u0173 yra. Ruden\u012f lapais pamul\u010diuojamos \u0161aknys.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Leideno botanikos sode kovo m\u0117nes\u012f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Spalio m\u0117nes\u012f dendrologin\u0117je kolekcijoje Lietuvoje<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Dauginamas baltvas lengvai \u017ealiomis ar sumed\u0117jusiomis gyva\u0161ak\u0117mis (tik \u0161ios turi b\u016bti nepa\u0161alusios), atlankomis, \u0161akn\u0173 at\u017ealomis, s\u0117klomis. Kr\u016bmas i\u0161auga iki 2 m auk\u0161\u010dio ir pana\u0161aus plo\u010dio. \u017diedai i\u0161auga i\u0161 pernyk\u0161\u010di\u0173 \u016bgli\u0173 buvusi\u0173 lap\u0173 viet\u0173. Auginamas ir naudojamas pana\u0161iai, kaip forzitijos. Gal kiek jautresnis \u0161al\u010diui. Ma\u010diau gerokai \u017eemesn\u012f, apie 0,5 m auk\u0161\u010dio ir apie 1,5 m skersmens \u0161viesiai ro\u017einiais \u017eiedais \u017eydint\u012f veisl\u0117s \u2018Roseum\u2018 kr\u016bm\u0105. M\u0117gsta saul\u0117t\u0105 viet\u0105, u\u017euov\u0117j\u0105. Gerai paken\u010dia sausr\u0105.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rimvydas Kareiva<\/strong>, Lietuvos dendrolog\u0173 draugijos garb\u0117s narys<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nuotraukos Valerijos Baronien\u0117s<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Forzitijas Lietuvoje neblogai \u017einome, o \u0161tai ankstyv\u0105j\u012f baltv\u0105 (Abeliophyllum distichum) \u2013 nelabai<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2279,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[58,57,56,28,29,60,59,62,61],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dendrologai.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2276"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dendrologai.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dendrologai.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dendrologai.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dendrologai.lt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2276"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dendrologai.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2276\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2282,"href":"https:\/\/dendrologai.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2276\/revisions\/2282"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dendrologai.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2279"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dendrologai.lt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2276"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dendrologai.lt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2276"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dendrologai.lt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2276"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}